Publications by authors named "B Ybarra"

The effect of dosing vehicle on toxicity and metabolism of unsaturated aliphatic nitriles was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Five unsaturated aliphatic nitriles--acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, allylnitrile, crotononitrile and fumaronitrile--were prepared in five different dosing vehicles--saline, corn oil, safflower oil, mineral oil, olive oil and Tween-20. Groups of six male rats were given 0.

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In liver fractions from male Sprague-Dawley rats, the metabolism of allylnitrile (ALN) to cyanide (CN-) was localized in the microsomal fraction and required NADPH and oxygen for maximal activity. The biotransformation of ALN to CN- was characterized with respect to time, microsomal protein concentration, pH and temperature. Metabolism of ALN was increased in microsomes obtained from phenobarbital-treated rats (160% of control) and decreased with cobaltous chloride and beta-diethyl aminoethyl-2,2-diphenyl pentanoate (SKF 525-A) treatments (48% of control).

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The toxicity, uptake, tissue distribution, elimination, and covalent binding of [1-14C]allylnitrile (ALN) in male Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. Following an oral administration of 57.5 mg/kg body weight (0.

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