Accuracy of two simple methods for estimation of thyroidal 131I kinetics for dosimetry-based treatment of Graves' disease.

One of the major challenges to the more widespread use of individualized, dosimetry-based radioiodine treatment of Graves' disease is the development of a reasonably fast, simple, and cost-effective method to measure thyroidal 131I kinetics in patients. Even though the fixed activity administration method does not optimize the therapy, giving often too high or too low a dose to the gland, it provides effective treatment for almost 80% of patients without consuming excessive time and resources. In this article two simple methods for the evaluation of the kinetics of 131I in the thyroid gland are presented and discussed.

Ureteral valves associated with ureteral stricture. Report of 4 cases.

Ureteral valves with ureteral strictures are rare and the differential diagnosis is difficult to establish. Four cases are reported to present these aspects.