Lower percentages of natural killer cells in children with type 1 diabetes and their siblings.

Introduction: One of the most common children's endocrine and autoimmune diseases in the world is type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The incidence of type 1 diabetes is constantly increasing, and according to current estimates, the number of children with T1DM in the world has exceeded 542,000. There are 3 main components emphasized in the pathogenesis: genetic and environmental factors, and the patient's immune system.

Salivary and serum concentrations of selected pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines in relation to oral lesions among children undergoing maintenance therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common type of childhood cancer, accounting for about 23% of all cancers diagnosed in this age group. The last stage of radical treatment is remission maintenance, during which hospitalization is not necessary. The lesions occurring in the oral cavity caused by medications and chemotherapy may also be directly related to hematological and systemic disorders.

Humoral response against myelin associated glycoprotein reflects oligodendroglial degeneration in Parkinson's disease.

Unlabelled: Identification of disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers which would enable early detection and follow-up of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a crucial problem. Recently, we confirmed the presence of adaptive immune response against different glial-derived antigens in PD.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess humoral response against myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) on a larger group of PD patients.

Early Markers of Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis in Children With Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: Preliminary Report.

Unlabelled: Tubulointerstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). They are also major determinants in chronic kidney disease development and progression in patients with primary renal diseases characterized by persistent or recurrent proteinuria. The purpose of the study was to assess urinary excretion of alpha-glutathione S-transferase (alpha-GST), pi-glutathione S-transferase (pi-GST), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and serum NGAL level in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS).

Search for patterns by combining cosmic-ray energy and arrival directions at the Pierre Auger Observatory.

Energy-dependent patterns in the arrival directions of cosmic rays are searched for using data of the Pierre Auger Observatory. We investigate local regions around the highest-energy cosmic rays with [Formula: see text] eV by analyzing cosmic rays with energies above [Formula: see text] eV arriving within an angular separation of approximately 15[Formula: see text]. We characterize the energy distributions inside these regions by two independent methods, one searching for angular dependence of energy-energy correlations and one searching for collimation of energy along the local system of principal axes of the energy distribution.