Sequence order resolves ambiguity in a nonlinguistic visual categorization task.

When we encounter an unfamiliar word in a sentence, word order can be used to determine the grammatical category to which that word belongs and clarify ambiguity. However, it is unclear whether a similar categorization effect occurs in nonlinguistic contexts. We created three perceptually distinct categories of shape stimuli-rounded (A); squared (B); pointed (C).

Multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning NMR spectra in the static limit: The I = 3/2 case.

A simplified theoretical description of multiple-quantum excitation and mixing for nuclear magnetic resonance of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei is presented. The approach recasts the multiple-quantum nutation behavior in terms of reduced excitation and mixing curves through a scaling of the first-order offset frequency by the quadrupolar coupling constant. The two-dimensional correlation of the static first-order anisotropic line shape to the second-order anisotropic magic-angle-spinning (MAS) line shape is utilized to transform the three-dimensional integral over the three Euler angles into a single integral over the dimensionless first-order offset parameter.

Clinical utility of PCR compared to conventional culture and sensitivity testing for management of complicated urinary tract infections in adults: Part II.Evaluation of diagnostic concordance, discordant results, and antimicrobial selection efficacy.

Purpose: Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) are difficult to manage due to their polymicrobial nature and resistance to standard therapies. In current clinical practice, the management of a cUTI often starts with broad-spectrum antimicrobials until culture and sensitivity (C&S) results are available, but these diagnostic delays further hinder treatment efficacy. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) offers a faster alternative.

Consensus Guideline for Care of Patients in the Prehospital and Aerospace Settings with Exposures to Hydrazine and Hydrazine Derivatives.

Objectives: Hydrazine (HZ) and Hydrazine Derivative (HZ-D) exposures pose health risks to people in industrial and aerospace settings. Several recent systematic reviews and case series have highlighted common clinical presentations and management strategies. Given the low frequency at which HZ and HZ-D exposures occur, a strong evidence base on which to develop an evidence-based guideline does not exist at this time.

A library of lineage-specific driver lines connects developing neuronal circuits to behavior in the Ventral Nerve Cord.

Understanding the developmental trajectories of neuronal lineages is crucial for elucidating how they are assembled into functional neural networks. Studies investigating the nervous system development in model animals have focused only on a few regions of the Central Nervous System due to the limited availability of genetic drivers to target these regions throughout development and adult life. This hindered our understanding of how distinct neuronal lineages come together to form neuronal circuits during development.