Publications by authors named "B W Tobin"
Potassium channels regulate membrane potential, calcium flux, cellular activation and effector functions of adaptive and innate immune cells. The voltage-activated Kv1.3 channel is an important regulator of T cell-mediated autoimmunity and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBone fracture repair initiates by periosteal expansion. The periosteum is typically quiescent, but upon fracture, periosteal cells proliferate and contribute to bone fracture repair. The expansion of the periosteum is regulated by gene transcription; however, the molecular mechanisms behind periosteal expansion are unclear.
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- Current treatments for craniofacial bone abnormalities, which include surgeries and bone grafts, are costly and have significant limitations, with some therapies posing serious health risks.
- Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) has issues like overgrowth and inflammation, while stem cell therapies are promising but not FDA approved and resource-heavy.
- Research suggests that JAGGED1 can effectively promote bone regeneration in pediatric patients by inducing specific signaling pathways in osteoblasts, presenting a potential innovative treatment option for craniofacial bone loss.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how brassinosteroids (BR) affect arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, an important interaction for plants and agriculture.
- Researchers analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in maize, Arabidopsis, and tomato to understand BR's regulatory mechanisms in AM symbiosis.
- Results showed that BR influences key metabolic processes that enhance AM colonization, with specific genes involved in cell wall modification and signaling that may aid in fungal penetration during the early stages of symbiosis.
Microglia are resident immune cells of the brain and regulate its inflammatory state. In neurodegenerative diseases, microglia transition from a homeostatic state to a state referred to as disease-associated microglia (DAM). DAM express higher levels of proinflammatory signaling molecules, like STAT1 and TLR2, and show transitions in mitochondrial activity toward a more glycolytic response.
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