Biomarkers.

Background: Epigenetic clocks are biomarkers of biological age based on DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns and are widely used as predictors of health and aging outcomes. Multiple epigenetic clocks have been developed and reflect different aspects of the multidimensional aging process, above and beyond chronological age. To date, no study has examined the relationship of epigenetic aging with circulating biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Public Health.

Background: The American Heart Association's Life Essential 8 (LE8) are a set of eight simple health metrics used to define cardiovascular (CV) health and promote healthy behaviors. High CV health is associated with a lower risk of CV disease. Our objective is to determine whether LE8 and CV health are associated with incident dementia in diverse adults.

Short-sighted evolution of virulence for invasive gut microbes: From hypothesis to tests.

Why microbes harm their hosts is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology with broad relevance to our understanding of infectious diseases. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this "evolution of virulence." In this perspective, we reexamine one of these hypotheses in the specific context of the human gut microbiome, namely short-sighted evolution.

Exploring heterogeneity in mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous diagnostic entity, without a clear prognosis, often accompanied by psychiatric symptomatology and physical frailty.

Objective: Understanding the heterogeneity within MCI is a critical step in improving the early detection of cognitive decline and developing effective interventions.

Methods: Cross-sectional multivariate latent mixture analyses of data from patients evaluated between 2015 and 2019, who were routinely entered into a multidisciplinary database for research purposes.

Alien Rainbow Trout in the Balkhash Basin (Kazakhstan, Central Asia): 50 Years of Naturalization.

Rainbow trout, or mykiss (), is one of the most popular species used in aquaculture and has been naturalized worldwide, including in the Central Asian Balkhash basin, which has unique aboriginal fish fauna. Both rainbow trout from European farms and wild mykiss from Kamchatka were introduced to some mountain lakes and rivers of the Balkhash basin about 50 years ago. This study investigates the current distribution and life history traits of the alien species and its possible impact on the local fish fauna.