Dynamin-related protein 1 regulates substrate oxidation in skeletal muscle by stabilizing cellular and mitochondrial calcium dynamics.

Mitochondria undergo continuous cycles of fission and fusion to promote inheritance, regulate quality control, and mitigate organelle stress. More recently, this process of mitochondrial dynamics has been demonstrated to be highly sensitive to nutrient supply, ultimately conferring bioenergetic plasticity to the organelle. However, whether regulators of mitochondrial dynamics play a causative role in nutrient regulation remains unclear.

Lipids activate skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission and quality control networks to induce insulin resistance in humans.

Background And Aims: A diminution in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function due to ectopic lipid accumulation and excess nutrient intake is thought to contribute to insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes. However, the functional integrity of mitochondria in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle remains highly controversial.

Methods: 19 healthy adults (age:28.

Cardiac mitochondrial structure and function in tafazzin-knockdown mice.

Mutations in the tafazzin gene are the basis of Barth syndrome. The tafazzin protein is responsible for the synthesis of cardiolipin. Doxycycline-induced tafazzin-knockdown mice have been used as a model for Barth syndrome.

Isolation of mitochondrial subpopulations from skeletal muscle: Optimizing recovery and preserving integrity.

Aim: The subsarcolemmal (SSM) and interfibrillar (IFM) mitochondria in skeletal muscle appear to have distinct biochemical properties affecting metabolism in health and disease. The isolation of mitochondrial subpopulations has been a long-time challenge while the presence of a continuous mitochondrial reticulum challenges the view of distinctive SSM and IFM bioenergetics. Here, a comprehensive approach is developed to identify the best conditions to separate mitochondrial fractions.