The Environmental Behavior of Methylene-4,4'-dianiline.

Methylene-4,4'-dianiline (MDA, CAS-No. 101-77-9) is a high production volume intermediate that is mainly processed to diisocyanates and finally polyurethanes. This review summarizes available data concerning the environmental behavior.

A Review of the Environmental Degradation, Ecotoxicity, and Bioaccumulation Potential of the Low Molecular Weight Polyether Polyol Substances.

"Polyalkylene glycol" is the name given to a broad class of synthetic organic chemicals which are produced by polymerization of one or more alkylene oxide (epoxide) monomers, such as ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), with various initiator substances which possess amine or alcohol groups. A generalization of this polymerization reaction is illustrated in Fig. 1.

Review of the Ecotoxicological Properties of the Methylenedianiline Substances.

Concerning chronic toxicity, D. magna is the most sensitive species tested against MDA aquatic exposures, with a 21 days-NOEC of 0.00525 mg/L.

The acute toxicity of nickel to Daphnia magna: predictive capacity of bioavailability models in artificial and natural waters.

The effects of Ca, Mg, Na and pH on the acute toxicity of Ni to Daphnia magna were investigated in a series of 48-h immobilization assays in synthetic test solutions. Both Ca and Mg reduced Ni toxicity, while Na did not. Ni toxicity was not affected in the pH range of 5.

Genetic rescue in an isolated metapopulation of a naturally fragmented plant species, Parnassia palustris.

The loss of habitat of naturally fragmented species may result in isolated metapopulations: small groups of populations that are still connected by gene flow but have become isolated from other metapopulations. Genetic isolation may result in genetic differentiation between metapopulations and lowered genetic diversity within the metapopulation. Gene input from outside the metapopulation can hence be expected to enhance crosscompatibility and seed viability.