Travel medicine: what's involved? When to refer?

Objective: To define the practice of travel medicine, provide the basics of a comprehensive pretravel consultation for international travelers, and assist in identifying patients who might require referral to travel medicine professionals.

Sources Of Information: Guidelines and recommendations on travel medicine and travel-related illnesses by national and international travel health authorities were reviewed. MEDLINE and EMBASE searches for related literature were also performed.

The effects of chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%) on the antimicrobial properties of tooth-colored ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine whether the substitution of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for sterile water as a mixing agent would enhance the antimicrobial activity of tooth-colored ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) against Actinomyces odontolyticus (ATCC17982), Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC2586), Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC10556), Enterococcus faecalis (ER3/2S), Escherichia coli (SM10lambdapir), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (UME), and Candida albicans (ATCC10261). Two wells of 5-mm diameter were made in triplicate agar plates inoculated with standardized suspensions of each microorganism.

alpha-1 and alpha-2 Adrenergic antagonists relieve thermal hyperalgesia in experimental mononeuropathy from chronic constriction injury.

Phentolamine, a nonspecific alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist, relieves pain in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy. We sought to determine whether phentolamine, prazosin (alpha 1 antagonist), or SKF86466 (alpha 2 antagonist) relieve thermal hyperalgesia in rats with neuropathic pain. Four days after producing a chronic constriction injury (CCI), thermal hyperalgesia was tested by measuring paw withdrawal latency (PWL).