Rare presence and function of neuroendocrine cells in the nasal mucosa.

There is growing evidence that neurogenic inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of upper airway diseases, with nasal hyperreactivity (NHR) being a key symptom. The rare neuroendocrine cells (NECs) in the epithelium have been linked to the pathophysiology of bronchial and intestinal hyperreactivity, however their presence in the nasal mucosa and their potential role in NHR remains unclear. Therefore, we studied the presence of NECs in the nasal epithelium of controls, allergic rhinitis patients and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients, and their link to NHR.

The nasal basal cell population shifts toward a diseased phenotype with impaired barrier formation capacity in allergic rhinitis.

Background: The integrity of the airway epithelium is guarded by the airway basal cells that serve as progenitor cells and restore wounds in case of injury. Basal cells are a heterogenous population, and specific changes in their behavior are associated with chronic barrier disruption-mechanisms that have not been studied in detail in allergic rhinitis (AR).

Objective: We aimed to study basal cell subtypes in AR and healthy controls.

Validation and shortcomings of the most common mouse model of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a highly prevalent airway disease worldwide. Whereas eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) represents its most severe phenotype, pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood despite a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo experimental models. A mouse model of experimental ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway allergy with coadministration of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) has been widely used to study eosinophilic eCRSwNP.

Monoclonal antibody or aspirin desensitization in NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD)?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by nasal polyposis, asthma, and intolerance to aspirin/NSAID. It affects approximately 15% cases of severe asthma, 10% of nasal polyps and 9% of rhinosinusitis. N-ERD results in associated asthma exacerbations, oral corticosteroids bursts, corticosteroid-dependent disease, and multiple endoscopic sinus surgeries.