Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women with Obesity but not in Men: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Context: Obesity is associated with low vitamin D and recent studies have suggested a difference in vitamin D metabolism between females and males.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of weight loss on vitamin D status in individuals with obesity, and secondarily, whether vitamin D metabolism differs between women and men.

Methods: Secondary analysis from a randomized placebo-controlled trial, designed to investigate the efficacy of 52 weeks of treatment with either liraglutide, exercise or combined, compared with placebo on weight loss maintenance after an 8-week low-calorie diet-induced weight loss in 195 individuals with obesity (BMI 32-43 kg/m2).

The Rate of Leg Fat Oxidation Is Not Attenuated During Incremental Intensity One-Leg Knee Extensor Exercise.

It is not clear if fat oxidation is attenuated at higher exercise intensities, when exercising with a small muscle mass, and therefore, we studied leg fat oxidation during graded one-leg exercise. Ten males (age: 27 ± 2 years, body mass: 82 ± 3 kg, BMI: 24 ± 1 kg m, V̇O: 49 ± 2 mL min kg) performed one-leg exercise at 25% of maximal workload (W) for 30 min, followed by 120-min exercise at 55% W with the contralateral leg, and finally 30-min exercise at 85% W with the first leg. Blood was sampled from an artery and both femoral veins, and blood flow was determined using Doppler ultrasound.

Effects of prenatal exercise interventions on maternal body composition: A secondary analysis of the FitMum randomized controlled trial.

The main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of prenatal exercise interventions on maternal body composition at 28 weeks gestation and 7-14 days after delivery. We also explored associations between physical activity (PA) per se and body composition. This study presents secondary outcomes of the FitMum randomized controlled trial, which included healthy inactive pregnant women at gestational age ≤ 15+0 weeks.

Effects of Physical Activity on Blood Lipids and Hemoglobin A1c in Healthy Pregnant Women: The FitMum Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Maternal blood lipid and glucose concentrations during pregnancy affect fetal growth and the risk of pregnancy and delivery complications. We aimed to investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) during pregnancy on maternal blood lipid and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentrations. We hypothesized that higher PA was associated with improved lipid profile and glycemic control.

Weight-loss maintenance is accompanied by interconnected alterations in circulating FGF21-adiponectin-leptin and bioactive sphingolipids.

Weight loss is often followed by weight regain. Characterizing endocrine alterations accompanying weight reduction and regain may disentangle the complex biology of weight-loss maintenance. Here, we profile energy-balance-regulating metabokines and sphingolipids in adults with obesity undergoing an initial low-calorie diet-induced weight loss and a subsequent weight-loss maintenance phase with exercise, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog therapy, both combined, or placebo.