Anxiolytic, Promnesic, Anti-Acetylcholinesterase and Antioxidant Effects of Cotinine and 6-Hydroxy-L-Nicotine in Scopolamine-Induced Zebrafish () Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Cotinine (COT) and 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine (6HLN) are two nicotinic derivatives that possess cognitive-improving abilities and antioxidant properties in different rodent models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), eluding the side-effects of nicotine (NIC), the parent molecule. In the current study, we evaluated the impact of COT and 6HLN on memory deterioration, anxiety, and oxidative stress in the scopolamine (SCOP)-induced zebrafish model of AD. For this, COT and 6HLN were acutely administered by immersion to zebrafish that were treated with SCOP before testing.

Cotinine and 6-Hydroxy-L-Nicotine Reverses Memory Deficits and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Aβ-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

The nicotinic derivatives, cotinine (COT), and 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine (6HLN), showed promising cognitive-improving effects without exhibiting the nicotine's side-effects. Here, we investigated the impact of COT and 6HLN on memory impairment and the oxidative stress in the Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). COT and 6HLN were chronically administered to Aβ-treated rats, and their memory performances were assessed using in vivo tasks (Y-maze, novel object recognition, and radial arm maze).

[Aerogenous immunostimulation of weaner swine against experimentally induced respiratory infections with Pasteurella multocida].

The clearance of Pasteurella, Bordetella and Haemophilus from the lung of weaners was increased by aerogenous immunostimulations using a lysate mixture consisting of 12 strains of 8 bacterial species, as well as live and inactivated temperature sensitive mutants of Pasteurella multocida. The severity of experimental pneumonias caused by Pasteurella has also been decreased by this treatment. The effect of the lysate was shown to be unspecific and short, as antibody production against Pasteurella was not induced and no booster effect of subsequent aerogenous immunizations with Pasteurella antigens could be detected.