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Age is a crucial prognostic factor across clinical specialities with significant implications for medical practice. Increasingly, "biological age" is being used as a more relevant age marker in a clinical context and is heavily integrated into the medical use of AI. This review describes the current knowledge about molecular biological and genetic aging-related changes associated with the genome and epigenome, used for biological age determination.

[Personalised medicine requires a paradigm shift in the concept of evidence].

Personalised medicine via a central biobank will require the introduction of a paradigm shift navigating by detecting pattern and correlation, instead of evidence of limited use in our complex environment. Accordingly, to make sense, population-wide data comprising "deep phenotype" including genetics, must be submitted to evaluation by "machine intelligence", based on "unsupervised learning" - the algorithm concomitantly improving its power with increasing mass of data. A system not based on deductive logic cannot be checked by logic but must be taken on face value.

Involvement of interleukin-1 genotypes in the association of coronary heart disease with periodontitis.

Background: Epidemiologic studies demonstrated an association between periodontitis (PE) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The coexistence of the two disease entities could be dependent on mutual risk factors, and polymorphism of the interleukin (IL)-1 gene cluster associated with the severity of PE might also be involved in the pathogenesis of CHD.

Methods: The study consisted of 225 dentate white subjects, including 97 patients with CHD and 128 controls.

Hospital-based comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation versus usual care among patients with congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, or high risk of ischemic heart disease: 12-month results of a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Current guidelines broadly recommend comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR), although evidence for this is still limited. We investigated the 12-month effect of hospital-based CCR versus usual care (UC) for a broadly defined group of cardiac patients within the modern therapeutic era of cardiology.

Methods: We conducted a centrally randomized single-center clinical trial with blinded assessment of the primary outcome: registry-based composite of total mortality, myocardial infarction, or acute first-time readmission due to heart disease.

[Mutations in the heart's pacemaker channels--a new cause of sick sinus node syndrome and long-QT syndrome].

The sinus node hyperpolarization-activated If current generated by the cardiac pacemaker channels HCN2 and HCN4 determines the autonomous beating of the heart. Cardiac arrhythmias, like long-QT syndrome, are often caused by irregularities of the heart action potential generated by mutations in cardiac ion channel genes. Mutations in the HCN4 gene have been associated with sick sinus syndrome and long-QT syndrome.