Outcomes in Neonates Receiving Therapeutic Hypothermia and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation versus Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Alone.

Objective:  This study aimed to examine survival and outcomes in neonates who received therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for neonatal encephalopathy (NE) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) versus ECMO alone.

Study Design:  This is a retrospective review of Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry data from 2007 to 2017 for neonates undergoing ECMO and TH for NE (TH/ECMO) or ECMO alone. Primary outcomes were ECMO survival and survival to discharge.

Perceptions of Justice in Clinical Learning Environments: Development and Validation of an Organizational Justice Measure for Medical Trainees.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure medical trainees' perceptions of justice in clinical learning environments.

Method: Between 2019 and 2023, the authors conducted a multiyear, multi-institutional, multiphase study to develop a 16-item justice measure with 4 dimensions: interpersonal, informational, procedural, and distributive. The authors gathered validity evidence based on test content, internal structure, and relationships with other variables across 3 phases.

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Household Income, and Mentorship Among Interns Who Are Underrepresented in Medicine.

Background: Underrepresented in medicine (UIM) interns have unique lived experiences that affect their paths to medicine, and more information is needed for medical residency and fellowship programs to better support them.

Objective: We describe self-reported differences between UIM and White physician interns in key demographic areas, including household income growing up, physician mentorship, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

Methods: Between 2019 and 2021, we administered a diversity survey to incoming medical interns at the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities.

Attitudes Among General Surgery Program Directors and Faculty Toward Openly Nonheterosexual Applicants.

Objective: Historically, nonheterosexual physicians have experienced bias in medical training. While resident-focused studies have been conducted in general surgery, the views of program directors and faculty are less evident. In this study, we surveyed program directors and faculty in general surgery to assess their attitudes toward openly nonheterosexual residency applicants.

Galantamine-ER for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.

An extended release form of the cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) drug galantamine (galantamine-ER) was developed, chiefly to increase adherence to medication regimes in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Except for predicted differences in (C(max)) and t(max), comparable doses of once daily galantamine-ER and regular, immediate release galantamine, (galantamine-IR), are pharmacologically equivalent. A 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-and active-controlled, multicenter phase III trial, which compared galantamine-IR, galantamine-ER and placebo in subjects with mild to moderate AD (mini-mental state examination [MMSE] score range, 10 to 24) showed that both formulations of galantamine were significantly better than placebo in terms of cognition, although not with regard to global change.