Substituent and Heteroatom Effects on π-π Interactions: Evidence That Parallel-Displaced π-Stacking is Not Driven by Quadrupolar Electrostatics.

Stacking interactions are a recurring motif in supramolecular chemistry and biochemistry, where a persistent theme is a preference for parallel-displaced aromatic rings rather than face-to-face π-stacking. This is typically explained in terms of quadrupole-quadrupole interactions between the arene moieties but that interpretation is inconsistent with accurate calculations, which reveal that the quadrupolar picture is qualitatively wrong. At typical π-stacking distances, quadrupolar electrostatics may differ in sign from an exact calculation based on charge densities of the interacting arenes.

Same day discharge for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective cohort study documenting an Australian approach.

Background: The introduction of robotic surgical systems has significantly impacted urological surgery, arguably more so than other surgical disciplines. The focus of our study was length of hospital stay - patients have traditionally been discharged day 1 post-robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), however, during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and consequential resource limitations, our centre has facilitated a cohort of same-day discharges with initial success.

Methods: We conducted a prospective tertiary single-centre cohort study of a series of all patients (n = 28) - undergoing RARP between January and April 2021.

Viral suppression and HIV-1 drug resistance 1 year after pragmatic transitioning to dolutegravir first-line therapy in Malawi: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Many countries are now replacing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine, and dolutegravir (TLD). Recognising laboratory limitations, Malawi opted to transition those on NNRTI-based first-line ART to TLD without viral load testing. We aimed to assess viral load and HIV drug resistance during 1 year following transition to TLD without previous viral load testing.

Correction: Potential value of urine lateral-flow lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test for diagnosing tuberculosis among severely acute malnourished children.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

High level of HIV drug resistance informs dolutegravir roll-out and optimized NRTI backbone strategy in Mozambique.

Background: HIV drug resistance (HIV-DR) is rising in sub-Saharan Africa in both ART-naive and ART-experienced patients.

Objectives: To estimate the level of acquired DR (ADR) and pre-treatment DR (PDR) across selected urban and rural sites in Southern Africa, in Mozambique.

Methods: We conducted two cross-sectional surveys among adult HIV patients (October 2017-18) assessing ADR and PDR.