Publications by authors named "B Schoelkopf"
Article Synopsis
- Electroencephalography (EEG) struggles to accurately assess consciousness levels and awareness in patients with severe motor impairment, often due to interference from skull and tissue effects.
- The introduction of epidural electrocorticography (ECoG) in a late-stage ALS patient provided valuable insights into arousal states without complications over six months.
- ECoG allowed for reliable monitoring of the patient's arousal rhythms and the effects of interventions, optimizing treatment timing and improving potential communication methods.
Objective: To clarify the physiological and behavioral boundaries between locked-in (LIS) and the completely locked-in state (CLIS) (no voluntary eye movements, no communication possible) through electrophysiological data and to secure brain-computer-interface (BCI) communication.
Methods: Electromyography from facial muscles, external anal sphincter (EAS), electrooculography and electrocorticographic data during different psychophysiological tests were acquired to define electrophysiological differences in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient with an intracranially implanted grid of 112 electrodes for nine months while the patient passed from the LIS to the CLIS.
Results: At the very end of the LIS there was no facial muscle activity, nor external anal sphincter but eye control.