Killing Two Birds With One Stone: Effective Control of Both Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Atezolizumab, A Case Report.

Treating patients with cancer complicated by severe opportunistic infections is particularly challenging since classical cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, often induce profound immune suppression and, as a result, may favor infection progression. Little is known about the potential place of immune checkpoint inhibitors in these complex situations. Here, we report a 66-year-old man who was concomitantly diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Atezolizumab Treatment for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.

Atezolizumab successfully reinvigorated JC virus immunity in a patient in Belgium with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, as demonstrated by clinical, virologic, and radiologic response to treatment. However, the treatment also resulted in immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and life-threatening immune-related adverse events. These conditions were treated with corticosteroids, leading to treatment resistance.

[Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes].

Neurological paraneoplastic syndromes are non-metastatic complications of systemic cancers, often resulting from an immune response triggered by the crossed expression of neuronal antigens by tumour cells. Several neurological syndromes such as cerebellar degeneration, sensory neuronopathy, limbic encephalitis, encephalomyelitis or the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome are most often paraneoplastic and require prompt cancer screening, particularly if the patient shows risk factors for cancer. Although there are many exceptions to this rule, a given syndrome is often associated with a particular antibody and the corresponding tumour.

Continuous infusion of cefepime and neurotoxicity: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Neurotoxicity related to cefepime is increasingly reported in the literature but specific data concerning continuous infusion (CI) of the drug are still lacking. Our primary objective was to evaluate the incidence of neurotoxicity related to CI of cefepime and the associated risk factors. Our secondary objectives were to analyse the plasma cefepime concentrations and to define the threshold above which neurotoxicity occurs.