[Antisense oligonucleotides: a new class of biologically active molecules].

Data available in literature on the biological activity of antisense oligonucleotides are reviewed with emphasis on the results of tests of the related antitumor and antiasthmatic preparations and the basic novelty of these drugs.

[Immunometabolic effects of interactions involving fat- and water-soluble vitamins in toxic forms of anemia].

Phenylhydrazine or sodium nitrite injections reduce the functional metabolic activity of neutrophils (leukocytes) in the peripheral blood, suppress the development of humoral immune response and delayed type hypersensitivity, decrease the energetic potential and the antioxidant status of erythrocytes, and induce the appearance of immunosuppressive activity in these cells. Retinol acetate, tocopherol acetate, and phylloquinone administered in various pair combinations reduce the degree of changes in the parameters of nonspecific resistance and immunological reactivity. Pyridoxine and cobalamin increase the immunomodulating activity of erythrocytes modified by phylloquinone.

[Effect of lysozyme on the functional and metabolic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the acute blood loss].

Acute hemorrhage leads to a decrease in the phagocyte number and index, the NBT test parameters, and the NADPH oxidase activity and to an increase in the Ca2+ ATPase activity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes on the peripheral blood. Lysozyme produces effective correction of the above parameters of the functional-metabolic activity of these cells. The drug effect is mediated by cytokines of splenocytes sticking to the glass.

[Immunomodulating effect of pyridoxine, folate, and cobalamin in various forms of anemia].

Hemorrhage and toxic lesions of hemopoietic tissues inhibit the development of various types of immune response and induce immunosuppressive properties in light erythrocytes, while not influencing the immunological activity of heavy erythrocytes. The immunomodulant action of pyridoxine, folate and cobalamin in various cases of anemia was observed for the joint (but not for separate) administration of two vitamin preparations; the most pronounced increase in the immune reactivity taking place upon the joint administration of cobalamin and folate.

Analysis of Immunomodulating Properties of Retinoids.

In this work analysis of immunomodulating properties of retinoids and carotinoids, mainly beta-carotene is presented. The main attention is concentrated on the latest investigations of the role of retinoid receptors in realization of retinoid influence on differentiation of hematopoietic elements and the apoptosis induction. The conclusion concerning the principal advantages of beta-carotene as immunomodulator comparing to other existing immunomodulating agents has been made.