Phantom evaluation of feasibility and applicability of artificial intelligence based pulmonary nodule detection in chest radiographs.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the specific performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for lung nodule detection in chest radiography for a larger number of nodules of different sizes and densities using a standardized phantom approach. A total of 450 nodules with varying density (d1 to d3) and size (3, 5, 8, 10 and 12 mm) were inserted in a Lungman phantom at various locations. Radiographic images with varying projections were acquired and processed using the AI algorithm for nodule detection.

Auricular dimensions in computed-tomography: Unveiling the relationship between ear dimensions, age, and sex using three-dimensional volume rendering reconstructions.

Background: The auricle, or auricula, defines the visible boundaries of the external ear and is essential in forensic investigations, including facial reconstruction and human remains identification. Beyond its forensic significance, auricular morphology attracts interest from various fields, such as medicine and industry. The size of the ears is culturally associated with health and longevity, while surgical techniques for ear reconstruction address both congenital and aesthetic concerns.

Glycogenin is dispensable for normal liver glycogen metabolism and body glucose homeostasis.

Glycogen is a glucose-storage polysaccharide molecule present in animals, fungi and bacteria. The enzyme glycogenin can self-glycosylate, forming an oligosaccharide chain that primes glycogen synthesis. This priming role of glycogenin was first believed to be essential for glycogen synthesis, but glycogen was then found in the skeletal muscle, heart, liver and brain of glycogenin-knockout mice (Gyg KO), thereby showing that glycogen can be synthesized without glycogenin.

[Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium infection in 2 domestic cats].

Two domestic cats (Abyssinian and Carthusian) presented with chronic respiratory signs including cough, respiratory sounds, and polypnea. One of the cats also showed intermittent fever. Thoracic radiographs demonstrated severe changes with predominantly micronodular interstitial lung patterns, some with mineralized areas.