[Characteristics of duodenal ruptures depending on topographical and anatomical properties of this organ and circumstances of blunt abdominal trauma].

We have studied specific morphological properties of duodenal rupture depending on the topographic and anatomical features of this organ and circumstances of blunt abdominal trauma suffered in a car crash (with the victim found in the passenger compartment or involved in an automobile-pedestrian accident) and a railway crash (a train-pedestrian accident) or resulting from a blunt-force trauma, a fall from height, a fall on the stomach, and traumatic compression of the body. We took into consideration the anatomical peculiarities of the duodenal rupture, such as its circular, horseshoe, and loop-like shape. The study has demonstrated that the frequency of duodenal injury associated with a blunt abdominal trauma shows a stronger dependence on the topographical and anatomical peculiarities of duodenum than on the circumstances of the case.

[Characteristic of the hepatic tissue degradation processes underlying the development of its local and distant lesions].

The processes associated with liver disruption caused by a blunt abdominal injury have been investigated on a model of continuous media deformation. It was shown that local primary injuries to the liver result from stress-induced tissue stretching, compression, and shear in the longitudinal direction. They have a layered relief due to transverse fissures.