Pre- and post-intervention oesophageal pressure topography metrics in the three subtypes of achalasia: A pilot study on Indian adults.

Background: Achalasia is characterized by failure of relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) and abnormal peristalsis during swallowing. The study aimed to observe the effects of intervention in three sub-types of achalasia and compare the intervention outcomes among the three sub-types.

Methods: Forty-one patients underwent Eckardt scoring for severity of achalasia, followed by high-resolution manometry (HRM).

Performance of HPV Self-Sample Collected by a Novel Kit in Comparison with Clinician Collected Sample for Cervical Cancer Screening.

Background And Objectives: We are reporting the performance of HPV self-sample collected by a novel kit in comparison with clinician collected cervical sample for HPV testing for cervical cancer screening.

Methods: Consenting, eligible women aged 25 to 60, with a positive cervical cancer screening test report in the past one year but without any prior treatment for cervical abnormalities were enrolled in the study. Each woman provided 2 samples for the HPV test (vaginal self-sample collected with the CERVICHECKTM, an indigenous kit from India and cervical sample collected by the clinician).

Independent Validation of a HER2-low Focused IHC Scoring System for Enhanced Pathologist Precision and Consistency.

For two decades the ASCO CAP HER2 testing criteria have included 0 and 1+ scores, but this distinction was inconsequential. Now, based on the DESTINY Breast-04 Trial (DB-04) results, for patients with metastatic breast cancer it underpins eligibility for T-DXd treatment. Discerning 0 from 1+ IHC staining is challenging, as HER2 low is not a biologically distinct cancer subset, there are no reference standards or controls and second-tier tests do not apply.

Assessing the impact of railway noise on human health and daily life: a structural equation model approach for transportation and environmental planning.

Rapid urbanization has led to unplanned settlements near railway lines, exposing residents to continuous noise pollution with potential adverse effects on health. This study focuses on the environmental monitoring and assessment of railway noise pollution in urban areas and its impact on human health and daily activities. Noise levels were quantified across different residential zones using precise sound level meters, and a detailed human perception survey was conducted to assess the relationship between noise exposure, annoyance, and health disturbances.