The Effect of Using a Standardized Questionnaire on Sexual History Documentation and Testing to Diagnose Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Among Men Who have Sex with Men with HIV.

Background: Most Neisseria gonorrhoea (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) are diagnosed at extragenital sites. However, testing at these sites is often lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if a standardized questionnaire administered by physicians and clinical assistants improves documentation of sex activity and increases extragenital testing and diagnoses of GC and CT among MSM.

Universal free school meals and children's bodyweight. Impacts by age and duration of exposure.

We study the impact on children's bodyweight of switching from means-tested to universal provision of nutritious free school meals in England. We exploit the roll-out of universal provision across Local Authorities to estimate effects at different ages and durations of exposure, based on nurse-collected, population-wide health data for state school children. Exposure to universal free lunches reduces obesity prevalence and BMI among children aged 4-5 and 10-11, but older children's bodyweights are less responsive than younger children's.

Dependency of the drag coefficient on boundary layer stability beneath drifting sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean.

The ice-ocean drag coefficient and turning angle are crucial parameters in ice-ocean coupled simulations, determining the transfer of momentum between the two media. These parameters are often treated as constants regardless of the static stability at the ice-ocean interface. This study investigates the variability of and based on direct observations of thermal and kinetic energy balance.

Examining Miliary Disease Etiology in a -Endemic Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

A miliary pattern on chest imaging is often attributed to tuberculosis (TB) infection. However, a myriad of conditions can cause a miliary pattern, many of which are imminently life-threatening. The primary aim of our study is to elucidate the potential causes of miliary chest imaging patterns to improve workup and empiric therapy selection.

Infestation rates of lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus on Atlantic salmon in fixed and towed sentinel cages.

Sea lice are a key limitation to sustainable salmon aquaculture, and effective monitoring strategies are critical for the management of these parasites. Sentinel cages are an established means of assessing infestation pressure at fixed locations, but as smolts move through systems they will be exposed to varying lice densities. As a means of assessing infestation pressure along trajectories, we describe the development and application of towed sentinel cages (TSCs) in a Scottish sea loch containing salmonid aquaculture.