Real-World Use of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor in Patients with Breast Cancer from Alberta, Canada.

Background: There are limited published data in the Canadian healthcare system on the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) among patients with breast cancer. This study characterized real-world G-CSF use during the period surrounding the introduction of filgrastim biosimilar.

Methods: Electronic medical records were reviewed retrospectively for patients with breast cancer who received moderately or highly myelosuppressive (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy from 2008 to 2019 in Alberta, Canada.

Toxicologic Insults to the Bovine Liver.

The liver is subject to toxic insult due to its role in the metabolism of exogenous substances and the direct filtration of blood from the portal circulation, which carries absorbed toxins from the gastrointestinal system. Metabolism of xenobiotics in the liver is facilitated by high concentrations of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which catalyze biotransformation of foreign substances; conjugation of toxin metabolites increases their solubility and enhances excretion. An understanding of the common hepatotoxins and the circumstances that lead to their exposure in cattle will aid the clinician in recognizing clinical syndromes and submitting appropriate diagnostic samples for confirmation of suspected diagnoses.

Essential amino acid enriched meal replacement improves body composition and physical function in obese older adults: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Older adults are threatened by the risk of muscle atrophy and excess accumulation of adipose tissue. The objective of this study was to determine whether an essential amino acid enriched meal replacement would reduce excess fat and foster skeletal muscle retention, potentially improving physical function in this cohort.

Methods: Using a double blind, randomized controlled trial, we compared the influence of an experimental meal replacement enriched with essential amino acids (EMR) to a commercially available, widely used meal replacement (Optifast®) provided once/day (q.

Evaluating Student Satisfaction with Remote Learning in a Veterinary School.

Veterinary college curricula are generally offered through face-to-face lectures and laboratories. However, because of the COVID-19 global pandemic, entire veterinary curricula throughout the United States were forced to utilize remote learning with large portions of courses provided through synchronous or asynchronous delivery platforms employing video portal systems in spring 2020. The purpose of this study was to examine the satisfaction of veterinary students who were taught through remote learning with the option of synchronous live streaming lectures or asynchronous recorded lectures for a portion of 1 semester.

Efficacy of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines to Reduce Morbidity and Mortality in Calves Within Experimental Infection Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Producers and veterinarians commonly use vaccination as the main strategy to reduce the incidence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection in calves; however, supportive evidence of BRSV vaccination efficacy has been inconsistent in the literature. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate data from controlled studies on the efficacy of commercially available BRSV vaccines on reducing calf morbidity and mortality after experimental infection with BRSV. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in BRSV experimental challenge studies that reported the efficacy of commercially available modified-live virus (MLV) and inactivated BRSV vaccines on protection against calf morbidity and mortality.