Isolation and characterization of Saprolegnia parasitica from cage-reared Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and its sensitivity to different antifungal compounds.

Saprolegniasis is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases of fish, causing significant mortality in fish hatcheries and young ones. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize the causative fungus from fingerlings of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus cultured intensively in freshwater cages in Indian reservoirs and to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations of different antifungal compounds against the fungal hyphae and zoospores. The fungal isolates grown on potato dextrose agar showed an abundance of gemmae, elongated mycelia, non-septate hyphae, primary zoospores, mature zoosporangia with numerous zoospores, cysts with bundles of long hairs and were further identified as Saprolegnia parasitica following PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer region.

Active Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Platform Based on a 2D Material-Flexible Nanotip Array.

Two-dimensional materials with a nanostructure have been introduced as promising candidates for SERS platforms for sensing application. However, the dynamic control and tuning of SERS remains a long-standing problem. Here, we demonstrated active tuning of the enhancement factor of the first- and second-order Raman mode of monolayer (1L) MoS transferred onto a flexible metallic nanotip array.

Microtubule-Targeting NAP Peptide-Ru(II)-polypyridyl Conjugate As a Bimodal Therapeutic Agent for Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant treatment challenges due to its high metastasis, heterogeneity, and poor biomarker expression. The N-terminus of an octapeptide NAPVSIPQ () was covalently coupled to a carboxylic acid derivative of Ru(2,2'-bipy) () to synthesize an N-stapled short peptide-Rubpy conjugate (). This photosensitizer (PS) was utilized to treat TNBC through microtubule (MT) targeted chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Where do the pyrene molecules reside within the surface active ionic liquid micelles in presence of sodium alginate?

Pyrene fluorescence in aqueous solutions of two surface active ionic liquids, namely, 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was investigated in presence of a biopolymer sodium alginate. The principal objective of this study was to explore the influence of the length of the hydrocarbon tails of these surface active ionic liquids on the possible location of the probe (pyrene) molecules in presence of the additive. While an abrupt decrease in the values of the ratio of the intensity of the first vibronic band to that of the third band of pyrene emission spectrum with concentration was observed for 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in presence of sodium alginate like the polymer-free case reported earlier, there was a peculiar reversal for 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride + sodium alginate.

Geo-Spatial Analysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Reperfusion Treatment in India: An Assessment of Distribution and Access to Centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.