Blood biochemical status of deep-sea sharks following longline capture in the Gulf of Mexico.

Prior to the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, little research effort was focused on studying deep-sea sharks in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). While the biology of these fishes remains virtually unknown, they are routinely captured in commercial fisheries as bycatch. In the absence of basic biological data, and with the probability of post-release survival unknown for most species, effective management plans cannot be formulated, making populations highly susceptible to overfishing.

Switching between GLP-1 receptor agonists in clinical practice: Expert consensus and practical guidance.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are an established treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Differences between GLP-1RAs in pharmacokinetics, dosing regimens and clinical effects, including cardiovascular (CV) outcomes, mean there may be benefits to switching from one to another. However, clinical guidance on switching is lacking and data from clinical trials are limited.

Addition of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy to insulin in C-peptide-positive patients with type 1 diabetes.

We aimed to test the hypothesis that addition of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) to insulin in C-peptide-positive patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) will result in a reduction in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) with reduced insulin requirements and a rise in C-peptide concentrations. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 11 normal-weight patients with T1D consecutively treated with a GLP-1RA in addition to insulin. Paired t tests were used to compare the changes in HbA1c, insulin doses, body weight, body mass index, and C-peptide concentrations prior to and 12 ± 1 weeks after GLP-1RA therapy.

Assessing reproductive status in elasmobranch fishes using steroid hormones extracted from skeletal muscle tissue.

Elasmobranch fishes (sharks, skates, and rays) are particularly susceptible to anthropogenic threats, making a thorough understanding of their life history characteristics essential for proper management. Historically, elasmobranch reproductive data have been collected by lethal sampling, an approach that is problematic for threatened and endangered species. However, recent studies have demonstrated that non-lethal approaches can be as effective as lethal ones for assessment of the reproductive status of an animal.

The effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia on intraoperative visceral perfusion and metabolism.

Unlabelled: After institutional approval and informed consent, we studied the effect of epidural bupivacaine 0.5% on visceral perfusion and metabolism by using gastric mucosal tonometry in 30 patients in a placebo-controlled fashion. The maximal intramucosal pH (pHi) decrease was significantly (P < 0.