Infectious causes of acute encephalitis syndrome hospitalizations in Central India, 2018-20.

Background: We enhanced surveillance of hospitalizations of all ages for acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) along with infectious aetiologies, including the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).

Methods: From October 2018 to September 2020, we screened neurological patients for AES in all age groups in Maharashtra and Telangana States. AES cases were enrolled at study hospitals along with other referrals and sampled with cerebrospinal fluid, acute and convalescent sera.

Prevalence of Salmonella typhi among patients with febrile illness in rural and peri-urban populations of Vellore district, as determined by nested PCR targeting the flagellin gene.

Background And Objective: Fever is one of the most common illnesses in all age groups in India. Typhoid fever is a continuing problem in developing countries such as India, which has poor sanitation facilities. The diagnosis of typhoid fever is still made by conventional culture-based isolation and identification.

Microbial profile of neonatal infection in Coimbatore.

In this study, 187 consecutive neonates suspected of having septicaemia were investigated for isolation of micro organisms. Two samples of blood were collected for isolation of aerobes and anaerobes. Cultures were positive in 75 (40%) cases.

Antibody response of infants to two doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine of enhanced potency.

The conventional formulation of injectable poliovirus vaccine (inactivated) contains 20, 2, and 4 D-antigen units of types 1, 2, and 3 polioviruses. Primary immunization requires three doses given at intervals of at least four weeks. A new formulation with 40, 8, and 32 D-antigen units of the three poliovirus types has been prepared to reduce primary immunization to two doses.