Social Science Pedagogy as a Way of Integrating Sustainable Education and Global Citizenship into the Initial Training of Pre-Primary Teachers.

The main objective of this research was to demonstrate the integration of international and national strategies in education for sustainable development and global citizenship into initial teacher training. The researchers analyzed the outcomes of a feminist teaching strategy based on family trees, focusing on the usefulness of social science pedagogy in developing critical thinking among pupils. They also attempted to enhance teachers' digital literacy and make progress in reflecting on its functioning and use.

Interferon gamma quantification in cerebrospinal fluid compared with PCR for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Purpose: To assess the utility of interferon gamma (INF-gamma) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), and compare these results with aPCR technique.

Methods: We studied CSF samples from patients with proven or probable TBM and a control group, composed by patients with other causes of meningitis and without meningitis. INFgamma levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.

Effects of orthotopic liver transplantation on vasoactive systems and renal function in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis.

The effects of Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) on renal function and major vasoactive factors was assessed in end-stage cirrhotic patients. Renal function, mean arterial pressure, and plasma vasoactive hormones were measured In 22 cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites before and after OLT. Before OLT, mean arterial pressure, glomerular filtration rate, free water clearance, and fractional sodium excretion serum sodium levels were decreased.

[The risk factors and bone mineral density in women on long-term levothyroxine treatment].

Background: It is controversial if the long-term treatment with thyroid hormone given at substitutive or suppressive doses has a negative effect on bone metabolism. In previous reports the lack of ultrasensitive TSH assays and densitometers with adequate precision, and the heterogeneity of the patients analyzed could explain these discordant results.

Patients And Methods: We have assessed bone mineral density (BMD) in 43 premenopausal and 53 postmenopausal women, who underwent near total thyroidectomy and I-131 ablation due to differentiated thyroid cancer, that have been followed up (mean duration, 75.