Testing the income-finance-trade-environment nexus based on the ecological load capacity factor: Frequency-domain causality evidence from Nigeria.

To ensure sustainable development, it is crucial that the consumption of ecological resources remains within their productive capacity. This study aims to support policy formulation by examining the nexus between income, financial development, trade openness, and the ecological load capacity factor in Nigeria from 1970 to 2021. The results of the Bayer-Hanck and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds cointegration tests indicate a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables.

Natural resources, financial development and structural transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Structural transformation is a crucial prerequisite for inclusive and sustainable development. In this context, this study examines the influence of natural resource dependence on the transformation of industrial structure in a panel of 30 Sub-Saharan (SSA) economies from 1995 to 2019, taking into account the role of financial development. The empirical analysis relies on the newly developed bias-corrected method-of-moments estimator.

Cassava as a food.

This review has attempted to examine information pertaining to the role of cassava (Manihot esculenta) as a major food source for a large part of the world population, particularly the countries of South America, Africa, and Asia, where it is primarily a major source of energy for 300 to 500 million people. Its cultivation, usually on small farms with little technology, is estimated to cover on an annual basis about 11 million hectares providing about 105 million tons, more than half of which is consumed by humans. The importance of cassava as an energy source can be seen by its growing demand in the European economic community countries where it forms up to 60% of the balanced diets for swine.