REAL-TIME VISUALIZATION OF SPLICEOSOME ASSEMBLY REVEALS BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SPLICE SITE SELECTION.

The spliceosome is a megadalton protein-RNA complex which removes introns from pre-mRNA, yet the dynamic early assembly steps have not been structurally resolved. Specifically, how the spliceosome selects the correct 3' splice site (3'SS) amongst highly similar non-functional sites is not known. Here, we develop a kinetic model of splice site selection based on single-molecule U2AF heterodimer imaging and .

Syphilis testing, incidence, and reinfection among gay and bisexual men in Australia over a decade spanning HIV PrEP implementation: an analysis of surveillance data from 2012 to 2022.

Background: Gay and bisexual men (GBM) remain overrepresented among syphilis diagnoses in Australia and globally. The extent to which changes in sexual networks associated with HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and treatment as prevention (TasP) may have influenced syphilis transmission among GBM at the population-level is poorly understood. We describe trends in syphilis testing and incidence among GBM in Australia over eleven years spanning widespread uptake of HIV PrEP and TasP.

Measurements of Thermal Resistance Across Buried Interfaces with Frequency-Domain Thermoreflectance and Microscale Confinement.

Confined geometries are used to increase measurement sensitivity to thermal boundary resistance at buried SiO interfaces with frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR). We show that radial confinement of the transducer film and additional underlying material layers prevents heat from spreading and increases the thermal penetration depth of the thermal wave. Parametric analyses are performed with finite element methods and used to examine the extent to which the thermal penetration depth increases as a function of a material's effective thermal resistance and the degree of material confinement relative to the pump beam diameter.

Evaluating foliar insecticides and economic thresholds for Tychius picirostris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) management in Oregon white clover seed production.

The clover seed weevil, Tychius picirostris Fabricius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a major pest in Oregon white clover seed crops. Reliance on synthetic pyrethroid insecticides and limited availability of diverse modes of action (MoAs) has increased insecticide resistance selection in regional T. picirostris populations, emphasizing the need to evaluate novel chemistries and rotational strategies for effective insecticide resistance management (IRM).