Apparent prevalence of transplacental transmission of hemotropic mycoplasmas in Holstein dairy calves.

Hemotropic mycoplasmas are unculturable bacteria that infect the surface of red blood cells of several mammalian species including cattle. The importance of hemoplasmas in cattle remains unclear and limited information is available about biological routes of transmission. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of transplacental transmission of hemoplasmas and to determine if colostrum of infected cows contained DNA from hemoplasma organisms.

Selection of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations in the dairy cow gut following intramuscular ceftiofur treatment for metritis.

Third-generation cephalosporins such as ceftiofur are critically important antibiotics because human pathogens with resistance to these drugs contribute to high mortality rates. These antibiotics are also frequently given to dairy cattle for treating infections, emphasizing the critical role they play in both human and veterinary medicine. To investigate the effect of intramuscular ceftiofur treatment on the concentration of resistant bacteria in the gut, we focused on cows with metritis, a common bacterial infection that frequently requires antibiotic intervention.

Apparent prevalence of hemotropic mycoplasma in dairy calves and replacement heifers on Michigan farms.

The bovine hemoplasmas include Mycoplasma wenyonii and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, which are increasingly recognized as infecting cattle throughout the world. Infection with hemotropic mycoplasma has been reported to be widespread in mature dairy cows, but little is known about its prevalence in calves and heifers. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and dynamics of infection with M.

Persistent effects of intramammary ceftiofur treatment on the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistance in dairy cattle.

Background: Intramammary (IMM) ceftiofur treatment is commonly used in dairy farms to prevent mastitis, though its impact on the cattle gut microbiome and selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has not been elucidated. Herein, we enrolled 40 dairy (Holstein) cows at the end of the lactation phase for dry-cow therapy: 20 were treated with IMM ceftiofur (Spectramast®DC) and a non-antibiotic internal teat sealant (bismuth subnitrate) and 20 (controls) received only bismuth subnitrate. Fecal grab samples were collected before and after treatment (weeks 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9) for bacterial quantification and metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

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The treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia includes a variety of options ranging from medication to open prostatectomy. Several newer technologies have been developed. Transurethral resection of the prostate remains the gold standard among surgical procedures for prostates less than 80 cc whereas enucleation and simple open prostatectomy are most documented for larger prostates.