Comparative Analysis of Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Three-Time Point Study Comparing Clear Aligners and Fixed Orthodontic Appliances.

Aim: To evaluate the alkaline phosphatase level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) at three time points using clear aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care hospital to treat patients with 4-6 mm crowding in their upper front teeth. The study involved 20 patients, with 10 assigned to each group.

Occurrence of nematodes, and in a wild male elephant: a case report.

The occurrence of the nematodes, and in the intestinal tract of a six-year-old, free ranging male elephant () observed during necropsy is reported. The worms were collected in 10% formalin and processed. worms were stout, males were shorter than females.