Itaconate is a metabolic regulator of bone formation in homeostasis and arthritis.

Objectives: Bone remodelling is a highly dynamic process dependent on the precise coordination of osteoblasts and haematopoietic-cell derived osteoclasts. Changes in core metabolic pathways during osteoclastogenesis, however, are largely unexplored and it is unknown whether and how these processes are involved in bone homeostasis.

Methods: We metabolically and transcriptionally profiled cells during osteoclast and osteoblast generation.

Bona fide dendritic cells are pivotal precursors for osteoclasts.

Objectives: Osteoclasts (OCs) are myeloid-derived multinucleated cells uniquely able to degrade bone. However, the exact nature of their myeloid precursors is not yet defined.

Methods: CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor (CD11cDTR) transgenic mice were treated with diphtheria toxin (DT) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) during serum transfer arthritis (STA) and human tumour necrosis factor transgenic (hTNFtg) arthritis and scored clinically and histologically.

Amino Acids Fueling Fibroblast-Like Synoviocyte Activation and Arthritis By Regulating Chemokine Expression and Leukocyte Migration.

Objective: We analyzed the impact of amino acid (AA) availability on the inflammatory response in arthritis.

Methods: We stimulated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the presence or absence of proteinogenic AAs and measured their response by QuantSeq 3' messenger RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Signal transduction events were determined by Western blot.

Platelet p110β mediates platelet-leukocyte interaction and curtails bacterial dissemination in pneumococcal pneumonia.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit p110β is involved in tumorigenesis and hemostasis. However, it remains unclear if p110β also regulates platelet-mediated immune responses, which could have important consequences for immune modulation during anti-cancer treatment with p110β inhibitors. Thus, we investigate how platelet p110β affects inflammation and infection.

Dorso-ventral osteophytes of interphalangeal joints correlate with cartilage damage and synovial inflammation in hand osteoarthritis: a histological/radiographical study.

Objective: To detect dorsally located osteophytes (OP) on lateral x-ray views and to correlate their presence with the extent of structural joint damage, determined by histologic grading (cartilage damage and synovial inflammation) and radiographic scoring in hand osteoarthritis (HOA).

Methods: Distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints were obtained from post mortem specimens (n = 40). Multiplanar plain x-rays were taken (dorso/palmar (dp) and lateral views).