Gratings for synchrotron and FEL beamlines: a project for the manufacture of ultra-precise gratings at Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin.

Blazed gratings are of dedicated interest for the monochromatization of synchrotron radiation when a high photon flux is required, such as, for example, in resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments or when the use of laminar gratings is excluded due to too high flux densities and expected damage, for example at free-electron laser beamlines. Their availability became a bottleneck since the decommissioning of the grating manufacture facility at Carl Zeiss in Oberkochen. To resolve this situation a new technological laboratory was established at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, including instrumentation from Carl Zeiss.

Safety and efficacy of the 0 h/3 h protocol for rapid rule out of myocardial infarction.

Background: The early and accurate diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important medical and economic challenge. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the performance of the new European Society of Cardiology rapid 0-hour/3-hour (0 h/3 h) rule out protocol for AMI.

Methods: We enrolled 2,727 consecutive patients presenting with suspected AMI without persistent ST-segment elevation to the emergency department in a prospective international multicenter study.

Cardiomyocyte injury induced by hemodynamic cardiac stress: Differential release of cardiac biomarkers.

Objective: We explored whether hemodynamic cardiac stress leads to a differential release of cardiomyocyte injury biomarkers, used in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: In an observational international multicenter study, we enrolled 831 unselected patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of AMI to the emergency department. The final diagnosis was adjudicated by two independent cardiologists.

Misdiagnosis of Myocardial Infarction Related to Limitations of the Current Regulatory Approach to Define Clinical Decision Values for Cardiac Troponin.

Background: Misdiagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may significantly harm patients and may result from inappropriate clinical decision values (CDVs) for cardiac troponin (cTn) owing to limitations in the current regulatory process.

Methods And Results: In an international, prospective, multicenter study, we quantified the incidence of inconsistencies in the diagnosis of AMI using fully characterized and clinically available high-sensitivity (hs) cTn assays (hs-cTnI, Abbott; hs-cTnT, Roche) among 2300 consecutive patients with suspected AMI. We hypothesized that the approved CDVs for the 2 assays are not biologically equivalent and might therefore contribute to inconsistencies in the diagnosis of AMI.

Incremental value of copeptin to highly sensitive cardiac Troponin I for rapid rule-out of myocardial infarction.

Background: The incremental value of copeptin, a novel marker of endogenous stress, for rapid rule-out of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is unclear when sensitive or even high-sensitivity cardiac troponin cTn (hs-cTn) assays are used.

Methods: In an international multicenter study we evaluated 1929 consecutive patients with symptoms suggestive of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Measurements of copeptin, three sensitive and three hs-cTn assays were performed at presentation in a blinded fashion.