Human Laterality Disorders: Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management.

Human laterality disorders comprise a group of diseases characterized by abnormal location (situs) and orientation of thoraco-abdominal organs and vessels across the left-right axis. Situs inversus totalis is mirror image reversal of thoraco-abdominal organs/great vessels. Situs ambiguus, better known as heterotaxy, is abnormal arrangement of thoraco-abdominal organs across the left-right axis excluding situs inversus totalis.

Statin-Induced Necrotizing Autoimmune Myositis: Diagnosis and Management.

Statins are among the most frequently prescribed drugs as they effectively lower cardiovascular mortality. Atherosclerotic plaques are stabilized and lipid levels are lowered, as statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Patients placed on these drugs frequently report muscle aches, but true myositis that would call for discontinuance of the drug is actually uncommon.

CHTF18 ensures the quantity and quality of the ovarian reserve†.

The number and quality of oocytes, as well as the decline in both of these parameters with age, determines reproductive potential in women. However, the underlying mechanisms of this diminution are incompletely understood. Previously, we identified novel roles for CHTF18 (Chromosome Transmission Fidelity Factor 18), a component of the conserved Replication Factor C-like complex, in male fertility and gametogenesis.

Racial disparities in young women with endometrial cancer.

Objective: Although racial disparities in treatment and outcome for endometrial cancer are well recognized, little work has explored disparities in young women. We performed a population-based analysis to compare survival between black and white women with endometrial cancer at <50years of age.

Methods: We used the National Cancer Data Base to identify women <50years of age with endometrial cancer from 1998 to 2012.

Adolescent Female With Turner's Syndrome and 46,X,der(Y) del(Y)(p11.2)del(q11.2) Karyotype With Gonadoblastoma and Dysgerminoma.

Gonadal dysgenesis patients with Y chromosomal material are subject to increased risk for germ cell tumors. We report a case of an adolescent female presenting with Turner-like syndrome with primary amenorrhea and Tanner stage 1 breast development. Karyotype showed one X chromosome and a minute pericentromeric fragment of Y chromosome without any functional Y genes in all the cells, unlike a mosaic pattern, represented as 46,X,der(Y)del(Y)(p11.