[Neonatal parenteral nutrition formulation: where are we?].

Introduction: the introduction of parenteral nutrition in preterm infants has meant a major advance in their prognosis, being the last few years very fruitful in terms of publication of guidelines in this area. Objectives: to know the formulation and preparation procedures of neonatal parenteral nutrition (NPN) in Spanish hospitals. Methods: a multi-centre survey was conducted in Pharmacy Services on the aforementioned processes.

Vancomycin dose optimisation comparing a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model versus the pharmacokinetic model.

Objectives: To compare vancomycin dosage adjustment by evaluating trough concentrations (Ctrough) of vancomycin and its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) correlation (AUC/MIC ≥400).

Methods: A retrospective study of 52 adult haematological patients and 29 ICU patients was carried out. Dosage adjustment was performed in routine clinical practice with Ctrough​​ and then compared using a PK/PD model.

Predictive factors of hyperglycemia in hospitalized adults receiving total parenteral nutrition.

Objective: To know those predictive factors of hyperglycemia that could guide  us the design of a parenteral nutrition and it could avoid later complications associated with it. Methods: A prospective observational study was designed; adult hospitalized patients who received total parenteral nutrition at least 48 hours were included. Nutritional and pharmacotherapeutic follow-up were  performed according to usual practice.

[Monitoring of intraperitoneal administration of vancomycin in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

Objective: To validate a pharmacokinetic model of the treatments with intraperitoneal vancomycin applied to patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with bacterial peritonitis.

Methods: To carry out a prospective study divided in 2 cohorts: the first one including ten patients of 56±14 years and 65±5 kg, and the second one with 10 patients (12 episodes of peritonitis) aged 52±13 years and 64±8 kg. The treatment consists of administering and retaining for 6 h in the peritoneal cavity a solution containing 2 g of vancomycin and 1 g of ceftazidime into 2 l of "dialysis solution".