A study of the effect of X-ray irradiation on the structure of Narafilcon A biopolymer soft contact lenses.

Background: The effects of external factors such as X-ray irradiation on the structure and physical properties of contact lenses are very important for both the patients using contact lenses and medical personnel.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of X-rays on the structure of Narafilcon A silicone-hydrogel contact lenses.

Material And Methods: In order to study the structural changes caused by X-rays in Narafilcon A polymer contact lenses, the following spectroscopy methods were used: positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), Fourier transform middle infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy (RS).

[Study of the structure of contact lenses using PALS, MIR and Raman spectroscopy in the regard of safety of persons exposed to ionizing radiation].

Among patients and health professionals who are exposed to ionizing radiation during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, refractive errors are common and soft contact lenses are widely used to correct them. Changes in the inner structure of contact lens may influence the safety of its usage through modification of its water content or oxygen accessibility to cornea. Therefore, analysis of impact of external factors, therein ionizing radiation used in medicine, on contact lenses parameters is necessary, particularly to compare the presence of free volume gaps in the structure of the polymer soft contact lenses.

Use of Multimedia Technology in the Doctor-Patient Relationship for Obtaining Patient Informed Consent.

Patient informed consent for surgery or for high-risk methods of treatment or diagnosis means that unlawful breach of the patient's personal interests is avoided and the patient accepts the risk of surgery and takes the brunt of it. Patient awareness - their knowledge of the condition and circumstances of continued therapeutic procedure, including offered and available methods of treatment and their possible complications - constitutes a particular aspect of the informed-consent process. The rapid development of technologies and methods of treatment may cause communication problems between the doctor and the patient regarding the scope and method of patient education prior to surgery.

Comparison of Occurrence of Free Volumes for Rigid Gas Permeable and Soft Contact Lenses.

Background: The polymeric materials: hydrogel, silicone--hydrogel and methacrylic acid are used in ophthalmology for the manufacture of contact lenses. It is important to research the structure of these materials, mainly the prevalence of free volumes.

Objectives: The study has been conducted in order to comparison the presence of free volume gaps in the structure of the polymer soft contact lenses: Etafilcon A (hydrogel), Narafilcon A (silicone-hydrogel) and the polymer rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens (Fluor-Silicon-Methacrylat-Copolymer).

Characteristics of dental pulp in human upper first premolar teeth based on immunohistochemical and morphometric examinations.

Teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons are commonly considered as healthy. Therefore, it is possible to examine structure of the dental pulp can be fully recognized and how it is affected by malocclusion. The aim of the study was to evaluate by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and morphometry dental pulp in human upper first premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons.