Climatic variations and Fasciola: a review of impacts across the parasite life cycle.

Fasciolosis, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola spp., is a significant parasitic disease of livestock and humans worldwide. Fasciola transmission and life cycle are highly dependent on climatic conditions, especially temperature and humidity.

Multi-scale habitat modeling framework for predicting the potential distribution of sheep gastrointestinal nematodes across Iran's three distinct climatic zones: a MaxEnt machine-learning algorithm.

Ecological niche models (ENMs) serve as valuable tools in assessing the potential species distribution, identifying crucial habitat components for species associations, and facilitating conservation efforts. The current study aimed to investigate the gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) infection in sheep, predict and analyze their ecological niches and ranges, and identify the key bioclimatic variables influencing their distribution across three distinct climatic regions in Iran. In a cross-sectional study, a total of 2140 fecal samples were collected from semi-arid (n = 800), arid (n = 500), and humid-subtropical (n = 840) climates in East Azerbaijan, Kerman, and Guilan provinces, respectively.

Diversity and burden of helminthiasis in wild ruminants in Iran.

This paper aimed to investigate the diversity and burden of helminthiasis in (n = 26), (n = 29) and (n = 24) grazed in 37 National Parks in 9 provinces of Iran. The organs and body cavities infected by helminths included gastrointestinal tract, peritoneal cavity, heart, liver and lungs. The contents were extracted and washed under running water and intestinal and lung-isolated nematodes were cleared in lactophenol and subsequently fixed, and cestodes were stained with alum carmine and mounted en face in Berlese's fluid under slight pressure between a microscopic slide and cover slip.

A faunistic survey of snails and their infection with digenean trematode cercariae in Bandar-e Anzali at the littoral of the Caspian Sea.

Trematodes are known as a diverse group of endogenous parasites, which snails as their intermediate hosts can dramatically affect parasite transmission dynamics. Snails play a key role in life cycles of digenean trematode. However, there has not been much faunistic surveys in terms of snails' distribution in Iran.

Mapping habitat suitability for gastrointestinal nematodiasis of ruminants in southern Caspian Sea littoral: a predicted risk pattern model based on the MaxEnt.

Herein, we provide the ecological niches of gastrointestinal nematode infections in Guilan, Mazandaran, and Golestan provinces. For this purpose, 2688 fecal specimens of sheep and cattle were subjected to the flotation method. For modeling procedure, the results were analyzed by considering 23 bioclimatic and environmental variables as well as 96 points/locations.