PBOX-15, a novel microtubule targeting agent, induces apoptosis, upregulates death receptors, and potentiates TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells.

Background: In recent years, much progress has been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma. However, a major limitation of existing chemotherapeutic drugs is the eventual emergence of resistance; hence, the development of novel agents with new mechanisms of action is pertinent. Here, we describe the activity and mechanism of action of pyrrolo-1,5-benzoxazepine-15 (PBOX-15), a novel microtubule-targeting agent, in multiple myeloma cells.

Clofarabine in the treatment of poor risk acute myeloid leukaemia.

Clofarabine is a second generation nucleoside analogue. It inhibits DNA repair and activates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway leading to cell death. In vitro clofarabine has demonstrated synergy with daunorubicin and Ara-C and in phase II clinical trials has shown promising activity in poor risk Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients.

Atypical cause of prolonged myelosuppression.

We present the case of a 57-year-old male with poor prognosis (trisomy 21 and monosomy 7) acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) who presented with rigors and fever during cytogenetic remission. Peripheral and central line blood cultures were positive for Mycobacterium chelonae and he commenced empiric treatment with meropenem, amikacin, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin. It appears that M chelonae infection was responsible for persistent myelosuppression after expected recovery from chemotherapy, which subsequently precluded optimum treatment for AML.