Interaction of breast cancer-relevant DNA repair genes and air pollution in relation to breast cancer risk in UK biobank.

We investigated if selected polymorphisms in DNA repair genes modify the association between exposure to particulate matter ≤ 10 micron in diameter (PM) and breast cancer (BCa) risk. We included 150,929 postmenopausal women (5,969 with BCa) from UK Biobank, a population-based prospective cohort. Cancer diagnoses were ascertained through the linkage to the UK National Health Service Central Registers.

Changes to the US Preventive Services Task Force Screening Guidelines and Incidence of Breast Cancer.

Importance: The 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force breast cancer screening guideline changes led to decreases in screening mammography, raising concern about potential increases in late-stage disease and more invasive surgical treatments.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of breast cancer by stage at diagnosis and surgical treatment before and after the 2009 guideline changes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based, epidemiologic cohort study of women aged 40 years or older used 2004 to 2019 data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

Veterinary care and flea preventatives are limited in homeless shelters and outreach organizations serving people experiencing homelessness.

Objective: Pet ownership among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) is common, but access to shelter, veterinary care, and flea-preventative products for PEH who own pets in the US is not well described. We sought to evaluate current knowledge of fleas and flea-borne diseases and characterize practices around pets and service animals among staff at homeless shelters and outreach organizations.

Methods: In-person surveys were administered to staff at homeless shelters and on outreach teams in 7 states from August 2022 to April 2023 to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices and to assess homeless shelter/organizational characteristics.

Predictive Utility of Four Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Assessments and Cognitive Status Changes Among Cognitively In-Tact Older Adults.

Purpose: To examine the factor structure and predictive utility of four instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) measures to identify cognitive status changes among older adults enrolled in the ACTIVE Trial.

Major Findings: Extracted factors represented IADL instruments. Baseline performance on the Everyday Problems Test (EPT) predicted 5-year MMSE scores (est.

Supplemental breast cancer screening after negative mammography in U.S. women with dense breasts.

The extent and determinants of supplemental screening among women with dense breasts are unclear. We evaluated a retrospective cohort of 498,855 women aged 40-74 years with heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts who obtained 1,176,251 negative screening mammography examinations during 2011-2019 in the United States. Overall, 2.