Isolation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Charge Variants by Free Flow Isoelectric Focusing.

Capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) is widely used in the biopharmaceutical industry to measure the charge distribution of therapeutic proteins. The implementation of this technology has created a new challenge. Capillary volumes are on the order of hundreds of nanoliters and cannot be scaled up for the preparative collection of charge variants.

High-throughput image analysis in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and its incidence has been increasing worldwide in the past decades. The increasing demand in medicine for rapid and accurate diagnosis enabled the application of digital imaging analysis in order to increase workflow efficiency and accurate analyses. The present study aimed to automatically differentiate papillary thyroid carcinoma from normal thyroid cells using high-throughput image analysis.

Role of surface exposed tryptophan as substrate generators for the antibody catalyzed water oxidation pathway.

The reaction of singlet oxygen with water to form hydrogen peroxide was catalyzed by antibodies and has been termed as the antibody catalyzed water oxidation pathway (ACWOP) (Nieva and Wentworth, Trends Biochem. Sci. 2004, 29, 274-278; Nieva et al.

Speciation of human plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL): HDL stability and apolipoprotein A-I partitioning.

The distribution of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I between human high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and water is an important component of reverse cholesterol transport and the atheroprotective effects of HDL. Chaotropic perturbation (CP) with guanidinium chloride (Gdm-Cl) reveals HDL instability by inducing the unfolding and transfer of apo A-I but not apo A-II into the aqueous phase while forming larger apo A-I deficient HDL-like particles and small amounts of cholesteryl ester-rich microemulsions (CERMs). Our kinetic and hydrodynamic studies of the CP of HDL species separated according to size and density show that (1) CP mediated an increase in HDL size, which involves quasi-fusion of surface and core lipids, and release of lipid-free apo A-I (these processes correlate linearly), (2) >94% of the HDL lipids remain with an apo A-I deficient particle, (3) apo A-II remains associated with a very stable HDL-like particle even at high levels of Gdm-Cl, and (4) apo A-I unfolding and transfer from HDL to water vary among HDL subfractions with the larger and more buoyant species exhibiting greater stability.

Post traumatic prepubertal high-flow priapism: a rare occurrence.

High-flow or arterial priapism is an uncommon condition resulting from perineal or penile trauma. The classical features are a painless erection of the cavernous bodies while the corpus spongiosum stays flaccid. This case highlights a 11-year-old boy who presented with painless semi rigid erection of 3 days duration following a blunt skateboard injury to his perineum.