Diagnosis and management of de novo non-specific spinal infections: European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) Spine Section Delphi consensus recommendations.

Introduction: The management of de novo non-specific spinal infections (spondylodiscitis - SD) remains inconsistent due to varying clinical practices and a lack of high-level evidence, particularly regarding the indications for surgery.

Research Question: This study aims to develop consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and management of SD, addressing diagnostic modalities, surgical indications, and treatment strategies.

Material And Methods: A Delphi process was conducted with 26 experts from the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS).

Operando Characterization of Fe in Doped Ni(Fe)OH Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution.

Iron-doped nickel oxyhydroxides, Ni(Fe)OH, are among the most promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts in alkaline environments. Although iron (Fe) significantly enhances the catalytic activity, there is still no clear consensus on whether Fe directly participates in the reaction or merely acts as a promoter. To elucidate the Fe's role, we performed X-ray spectroscopy studies supported by DFT on Ni(Fe)OH electrocatalysts.

Presenting Symptoms Define Time to Diagnosis in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Process Mapping From a Musculoskeletal Triage Unit in the UK.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Tackling delayed diagnosis in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a global research priority. On average, it takes 2-5 years, leading to worse outcomes from surgery and greater disability.

Defining the typical characteristics of orthostatic headache in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

Background: Orthostatic headache (OH) is a common feature of various conditions, including spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), but no precise definition currently exists outlining the typical OH characteristics. This ambiguity risks misdiagnosis with unnecessary investigations and delay in institution of treatment. The present study aimed to carry out structured phenotyping of OH in patients with SIH with the aim of outlining its typical characteristics.

Optimizing approaches for targeted integration of transgenic cassettes by integrase-mediated cassette exchange in mouse and human stem cells.

To enable robust expression of transgenes in stem cells, recombinase-mediated cassette exchange at safe harbor loci is frequently adopted. The choice of recombinase enzyme is a critical parameter to ensure maximum efficiency and accuracy of the integration event. We have explored the serine recombinase family of site-specific integrases and have directly compared the efficiency of PhiC31, W-beta, and Bxb1 integrase for targeted transgene integration at the Gt(ROSA)26Sor locus in mouse embryonic stem cells.