Comparative glucocorticoid receptor agonism: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo and identification of potential biomarkers for synthetic glucocorticoid exposure.

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is present in almost every vertebrate cell and is utilized in many biological processes. Despite an abundance of mammalian data, the structural conservation of the receptor and cross-species susceptibility, particularly for aquatic species, has not been well defined. Efforts to reduce, refine, and/or replace animal testing have increased, driving the impetus to advance development of new approach methodologies (NAMs).

The Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale: Some Satisfying and Frustrating Findings.

As a tool for operationalizing basic psychological needs theory (an aspect of self-determination theory), the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) has become the primary self-report measure. Here, with a sample of 807 Canadian military members, we confirm the BPNSFS six content factor structure and, in supporting that structure, demonstrate the differential association of satisfaction and frustration scales with psychological functioning variables that are external to the factor analysis. Although the specific content interpretation of the BPNSFS can be debated, we support the continued use of the BPNSFS as a psychometrically sound instrument.

Perspective on the Potential Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Through Breast Milk.

Aim: SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmissible, having infected ~16 million children in the United States. Symptom severity is higher in infants compared to older children, possibly due to their ineligibility for vaccination. Concerns persist that mothers transmit infectious viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 through breast milk.

Nothnagel Syndrome Without Extremity Symptoms: A Case Report.

The finding of pupil-sparing third nerve palsy is synonymous with diabetic third nerve palsy in the minds of many clinicians. While this is the most common cause of a third nerve palsy with normal pupillary response, it is not the only cause. We present the case of an elderly diabetic gentleman who presented with pupil-sparing third nerve palsy and gait abnormalities without any weakness or incoordination in the extremities.