Brief Disruption of Circadian Rhythms Alters Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Modulates DSS-Induced Colitis Severity in Mice.

Physiological processes in organisms exhibit circadian rhythms that optimize fitness and anticipate environmental changes. Luminal signals such as food or metabolites synchronize bowel activity, and disruptions in these rhythms are linked to metabolic disorders and gastrointestinal inflammation. To characterize the intrinsic intestinal rhythms and assess disruptions due to continuous darkness or light exposure, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to standard light-dark conditions or continuous light/darkness for 48 h, with evaluations at four timepoints.

Molecular Insights into the Quenching Mechanism of the Triplet Excited State of Rose Bengal through Oxidative and Reductive Organic Compounds.

In oxygenated aquatic environments, the predominant scavenging of the triplet excited state of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM*) involves dissolved ground-state oxygen, diverting attention away from the scavenging mechanisms of CDOM* mediated through specific organic compounds. Previous studies demonstrated that model CDOM* exhibited quantum yields (i.e.

Scorecard Approach to Eliminate Onchocerciasis in Venezuela.

In the Americas, onchocerciasis has been eliminated in 11 of 13 endemic foci by mass administration of ivermectin. The remaining at-risk population resides in a contiguous cross-border transmission zone located in the Amazon jungle in northwest Brazil and southern Venezuela, known as the Yanomami Focus Area. Here, we describe the development and implementation of a data-driven tool, called the Scorecard Approach (SCA), for the 393 communities that comprise the Venezuela South Focus.

Role of Carbonyl Compounds for -Nitrosamine Formation during Nitrosation: Kinetics and Mechanisms.

-Nitrosamines are potential human carcinogens frequently detected in natural and engineered aquatic systems. This study sheds light on the role of carbonyl compounds in the formation of -nitrosamines by nitrosation of five secondary amines via different pathways. The results showed that compared to a control system, the presence of formaldehyde enhances the formation of -nitrosamines by a factor of 5-152 at pH 7, depending on the structure of the secondary amines.