Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and cardiopulmonary morbidity in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used as a risk stratification tool for patients undergoing major surgery. In this study, we investigated the role of CPET in predicting day five cardiopulmonary morbidity in patients undergoing head and neck surgery. This observational cohort study included 230 adults.

Post-operative immune suppression is mediated via reversible, Interleukin-10 dependent pathways in circulating monocytes following major abdominal surgery.

Introduction: Post-operative infections occur frequently following major surgery. The magnitude of the post-operative immune response is associated with an increased risk of post-operative infections, although the mechanisms driving post-operative immune-dysfunction and the potential reversibility of this response with immune stimulants are not well understood. This study aims to describe the immediate immune response to major surgery and establish links to both post-operative infection and functional aspects of immune dysregulation.

Head and neck sarcomas: A single institute series.

Background: Sarcomas are tumours of mesenchymal origin, accounting for 1% of all malignancies.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 107 head and neck sarcoma cases, treated over a period of thirteen years.

Results: Fifty-four patients had with craniofacial bone sarcomas (BSs) (male: 33; female: 21) with high grade osteosarcoma being the most predominant type.

Tracheostomies for the non-expert 1: indications and techniques.

Recent reports have emphasized shortcomings in routine and emergency care leading to adverse outcomes in patients with tracheostomies. This two-part article provides a guide to the principles of care for staff looking after adult patients with tracheostomies in the hospital. The first part looks at indications and techniques.