Impact of bacterial outer membrane and general porins on cyanide diffusion and biodegradation kinetics.

The present study focuses on the analysis of the diffusion process of various cyanide compounds through general porins and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. We demonstrate the impact of the compound-to-porin radius ratio, the charge of cyanide ion, the Donnan potential, the intrinsic porin potential, the number and length of general porins, the fraction of open channels, and the size of bacteria on the effective diffusion coefficients and permeability coefficients of cyanide compounds. Moreover, we report, for the first time, the procedure for comparison of the rate of cyanide diffusion across the outer membrane with the rate of cyanide biodegradation that allows establishing the conditions for which the biodegradation is a diffusion-limited process or the diffusion is a significantly faster process than biodegradation.

The Membrane Dipole Potential and the Roles of Interfacial Water and Lipid Hydrocarbon Chains.

Understanding membrane charge transport processes, including the actions of ion channels, pumps, carriers, and membrane-active peptides, requires a description of the electrostatics of the lipid bilayer. We have simulated a library of different lipid chemistries to reveal the impact of the headgroup, glycerol backbone, and hydrocarbon chains on the membrane dipole potential. We found a strong dependence of the potential on lipid packing, but this was not caused by the packing of lipid polar components, due to cancellation of their electric fields by electrolyte.

Orienting people-centred disaster shelter planning based on risk assessing with semi-supervised learning.

Climate-related disasters have been escalating worldwide, incurring major losses. Landslides have become one of the most destructive disasters, especially in China's mountainous areas. To address this, constructing emergency shelters and designing evacuation routes are critical to ensure public safety and minimize impacts on affected residents.

Phantom energy in the nonlinear response of a quantum many-body scar state.

Quantum many-body scars are notable as nonthermal, low-entanglement states that exist at high energies. In this study, we used attractively interacting dysprosium gases to create scar states that are stable enough to be driven into a strongly nonlinear regime while retaining their character. We measured how the kinetic and total energies evolve after quenching the confining potential.

Security assessment and diagnosis for industrial water resources using TODIMSort considering Best-Worst Method with double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set.

Motivated by the driving force to address global water scarcity, industrial water resources, as the second largest consumption of water resources, its security assessment plays a crucial role in improving the current situation. Hence, this paper proposes a novel methodology to conduct the industrial water resources security (IWRS) assessment. Firstly, a more targeted assessment system based on the framework of the Pressure-State-Response (P-S-R) on IWRS is established.