Soil-plant interactions and the uptake of Pb at abandoned mining sites in the Rookhope catchment of the N. Pennines, UK--a Pb isotope study.

This paper examines Pb concentrations and sources in soil, grass and heather from the Rookhope catchment in the North Pennines, UK, an area of historical Pb and Zn mining and smelting. Currently, the area has extensive livestock and sports shooting industries. Risk assessment, using the source-pathway-receptor paradigm, requires the quantification of source terms and an understanding of the many factors determining the concentration of Pb in plants.

Regional lead isotope study of a polluted river catchment: River Wear, Northern England, UK.

High precision, lead isotope analyses of archived stream sediments from the River Wear catchment, northeast England (1986-88), provide evidence for three main sources of anthropogenic lead pollution; lead mining, industrial lead emissions and leaded petrol. In the upper catchment, pollution is totally controlled and dominated by large lead discharges from historic mining centres in the North Pennine Orefield ((208)Pb/(206)Pb, (207)Pb/(206)Pb ratios range from 2.0744-2.

Theory-based programme development and evaluation in physiotherapy.

Purpose: Programme evaluation has been defined as "the systematic process of collecting credible information for timely decision making about a particular program." Where possible, findings are used to develop, revise, and improve programmes. Theory-based programme development and evaluation provides a comprehensive approach to programme evaluation.

Bioaccessibility of arsenic in mine waste-contaminated soils: a case study from an abandoned arsenic mine in SW England (UK).

This study characterises the total As concentrations and As bioaccessibility in 109 soils from Devon Great Consols Mine, an abandoned Cu-As mine in Devon, SW England, UK and discusses the soil and mineralogical factors that influence the bioaccessibility of this element. These data provide the basis for developing more accurate exposure estimates for use in human health risk assessments. The median value of the percent bioaccesible As of 15% for these As rich soils contaminated by mining activities indicated that relatively little of the total As is present in a bioaccessible form.

The bioaccessibility of lead from Welsh mine waste using a respiratory uptake test.

The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro respiratory uptake test to determine the bioaccessibility of lead derived from mining waste tailings and dusts. Samples were collected from an abandoned mining area in mid-Wales, UK, the <10 microm fraction was characterized using SEM and the <100 microm fraction using XRD techniques. Gamble's Solution was employed as the synthetic lung fluid and tests were run for 630 hours in a specially designed water bath.