Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed in utero to dolutegravir- or efavirenz-based ART.

Objective: To examine the impact of in utero exposure to dolutegravir (DTG)- or efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) on child neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes.

Design: Prospective cohort design, enrolling 3 cohorts of 2-year-olds: children HIV-negative born to mothers with HIV (CHEU) receiving either DTG-based or EFV-based 3-drug ART during pregnancy, and children born to mothers without HIV (CHUU).

Methods: Primary child ND outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) and compared between cohorts using generalized estimating equation models adjusted for confounders.

Cytotoxic and Radiosensitizing Effects of European and African Propolis in 3D Lung Carcinoma Cell Cultures.

Background/aim: Natural compounds such as propolis have gained wide popularity in the last decades. While its antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties are well known, the anticancer properties of propolis are just beginning to be appreciated. Herein, we comparatively investigate the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing potential of four different ethanolic propolis extracts originating from three different countries (Germany, Ireland, South Africa) in human lung cancer cell models.

Aqueous extracts from Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax show cytotoxic and radiosensitizing potential in 3D growing HPV-negative and HPV-positive human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma models.

Numerous natural substances have anti-cancer properties. Especially indigenous people use aqueous plant extracts for tea or ointments including Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax to treat various diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing potential of aqueous extracts from Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax collected from Kenya in a panel of HPV-negative and -positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells grown in three-dimensional laminin-rich extracellular matrix (3D lrECM).

The marriage between stable isotope ecology and plant metabolomics - new perspectives for metabolic flux analysis and the interpretation of ecological archives.

Even though they share many thematical overlaps, plant metabolomics and stable isotope ecology have been rather separate fields mainly due to different mass spectrometry demands. New high-resolution bioanalytical mass spectrometers are now not only offering high-throughput metabolite identification but are also suitable for compound- and intramolecular position-specific isotope analysis in the natural isotope abundance range. In plant metabolomics, label-free metabolic pathway and metabolic flux analysis might become possible when applying this new technology.