Influenza C virus in U.S. children with acute respiratory infection 2016-2019.

Influenza C virus (ICV) is an orthomyxovirus related to influenza A and B, yet due to few commercial assays, epidemiologic studies may underestimate incidence of ICV infection and disease. We describe the epidemiology and characteristics of ICV within the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN), a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-led network that conducts population-based surveillance for pediatric acute respiratory illness (ARI). Nasal or/combined throat swabs were collected from emergency department (ED) or inpatient ARI cases, or healthy controls, between 12/05/2016-10/31/2019 and tested by molecular assays for ICV and other respiratory viruses.

Leveraging real-world Data from administrative claims and medical records to inform safety and effectiveness of piperacillin-tazobactam in the Management of Pediatric Hospital Acquired Pneumonia.

Pediatric-specific safety data are required during development of pharmaceutical agents. Retrospective studies can leverage real-world data to assess safety and effectiveness in children where prospective, controlled studies are not feasible. A retrospective cohort study combined data from Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) and medical records to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam (P/T) in pediatric patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes of Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections.

Objectives: To understand the epidemiology of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, including clinical and demographic features, microbiology, treatment approaches, treatment-associated complications, and outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of 453 children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis from 2009 to 2015.

Results: Among the 453 patients, 218 (48%) had acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, 132 (29%) had septic arthritis, and 103 (23%) had concurrent acute hematogenous osteomyelitis/septic arthritis.

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Influenza C Virus.

Influenza C virus (ICV) is a common yet under-recognized cause of acute respiratory illness. ICV seropositivity has been found to be as high as 90% by 7-10 years of age, suggesting that most people are exposed to ICV at least once during childhood. Due to difficulty detecting ICV by cell culture, epidemiologic studies of ICV likely have underestimated the burden of ICV infection and disease.

Missed Opportunities for Rotavirus Vaccination.

Background: Rotavirus remains an important cause of gastroenteritis and has been associated with the hospitalization of 34 to 53 per 10 000 children <5 years of age in the United States annually from 2008 to 2012. Rotavirus vaccines are underused compared with other routine vaccines. We describe rotavirus vaccine coverage and missed opportunities for rotavirus vaccination.