Publications by authors named "B K Odhiambo"
Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where 40% of global neonatal deaths occur. We identified and combined demographic, clinical, and psychosocial correlates of PTB among Kenyan women to develop a risk score.
Methods: We used data from a prospective study enrolling HIV-negative women from 20 antenatal clinics in Western Kenya (NCT03070600).
Article Synopsis
- Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant concern, particularly in Western Kenya, where a study analyzed factors related to drug resistance among 390 presumptive MDR-TB patients.
- The study found that 16.4% of the samples exhibited some form of drug resistance, with a small percentage demonstrating multidrug resistance (3.6%).
- It was noted that previously treated patients had a lower risk of resistance, while older age was associated with a higher likelihood of resistance to first-line TB drugs like INH and RIF, highlighting the need for effective surveillance and management strategies for MDR-TB.
Introduction: Pharmacy-delivered HIV prevention services might create more options for pregnant women to use HIV prevention tools earlier and more consistently during pregnancy. We quantified preferences for attributes of potential HIV prevention services among women of childbearing age in Western Kenya.
Methods: From June to November 2023, we administered a face-to-face discrete choice experiment survey to women aged 15-44 in Kenya's Homa Bay, Kisumu and Siaya counties.
Article Synopsis
- - The study measured tenofovir (TFV) concentrations in hair as a way to track adherence to HIV preexposure prophylaxis during pregnancy and after childbirth.
- - Researchers collected hair samples from 102 women and compared them with dried blood spots (DBSs) to evaluate the effectiveness of this method.
- - Results showed that having an HIV-positive partner increased hair TFV levels significantly, and there was a strong correlation between hair TFV concentrations and DBS TFV-diphosphate levels, suggesting hair analysis is a reliable adherence indicator.
Background: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV, which may occur in utero, during birth, or through breastmilk, is now largely preventable with the advancement of HIV testing and treatment for women and their infants. Globally, great progress has been recorded over the years, with a 58% decline in new infections in children from 2010 to 2022. Currently, Kenya is among the countries with the highest rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV despite consistent efforts to promote prevention of mother to child transmission strategies.
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