Survey evidence on public support for AI safety oversight.

A number of AI safety concerns are being increasingly discussed by experts, including misinformation, invasion of privacy, job displacement, and criminal misuse. Two exploratory studies conducted in Germany and Spain (combined n = 2864) provide evidence that the general public largely supports strict oversight over safety of commercial artificial intelligence research. Among the factors that are associated with preferences for strict oversight are age, anticipated job displacement, innovativeness, and risk, time and altruistic preferences.

Therapeutic effect of novel drug candidate, PRG-N-01, on NF2 syndrome-related tumor.

Background: NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN) is associated with multiple benign tumors in the nervous system. NF2-SWN, caused by mutations in the NF2 gene, has developed into intracranial and spinal schwannomas. Because of the high surgical risk and frequent recurrence of multiple tumors, targeted therapy is necessary.

Depression risk among breast cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Depression among breast cancer survivors is a significant concern affecting their long-term survivorship and quality of life. This study investigates the incidence of depression among breast cancer survivors and identifies associated risk factors.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database and included 59,340 breast cancer patients without a history of depression who underwent surgery between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016.

A conserved pilin from uncultured gut bacterial clade TANB77 enhances cancer immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a standard anti-cancer treatment, offering durable clinical benefits. However, the limited response rate of ICB necessitates biomarkers to predict and modulate the efficacy of the therapy. The gut microbiome's influence on ICB efficacy is of particular interest due to its modifiability through various interventions.